. 46 Downloads Abstract The purpose of this report is to describe the research programs and program activities of the US Department of Energy (DOE) that most directly relate to topics in the field of environmental geology. In this light, the mission of the DOE and the definition of environmental geology will be discussed. In a broad sense, environmental geology is that branch of earth science that emphasizes the entire spectrum of human interactions with the physical environment that include environmental health, mineral exploration and exploitation, waste management, energy use and conservation, global change, environmental law, natural and man-made hazard assessment, and land-use planning.
A large number of research, development, and demonstration programs are under DOE's administration and guidance that directly or indirectly relate to topics in environmental geology. The primary mission of the DOE is to contribute to the welfare of the nation by providing the scientific foundation, technology, policy, and institutional leadership necessary to achieve efficiency in energy use, diversity in energy sources, a more productive and competitive economy, improved environmental quality, and a secure national defense. The research and development funding effort has most recently been redirected toward greater utilization of clean fossil fuels, especially natural gas, weatherization, renewable energy, energy efficiency, fusion energy, and high-energy physics. This paper will summarize the role that environmental geology has played and will continue to play in the execution of DOE's mission and the energy options that DOE has investigated closely. The specific options are those that center around energy choices, such as alternative-fueled transportation, building technologies, energy-efficient lighting, and clean energy.
Environmental Geology Edward Keller Pdf File Postdoctoral and Professional Positions - ESA Physiological Ecologypostdoctoral, non- tenure- track faculty, instructor, and professional positions, most requiring a Ph. (most recent post dates in red).
And easy-to-grade assignments. Based on the idealized town of Hazard City, the xvi i i P r e f a c e assignments put students in the role of a practicing geologist—gathering and analyzing real data, evaluating risk, and making assessments and recom- mendations. The third edition of this widely used CD-ROM contains two new modules: Map Reading and Tsunami/Storm Surge. In Map Reading, students apply basic map reading skills by planning a route to collect stream water specimens in a case of suspected contamination. In Tsunami/Storm Surge, students use maps and basic math to determine the potential impact of a tsunami or storm surge on a coastal community. Acknowledgments Successful completion of this book was greatly facilitated by the assistance of many individuals, companies, and agencies.
In particular, I am indebted to the U.S. Geological Survey and their excellent environmental programs and publica- tions. To the Internet as a tremendous tool to quickly contact people and organiza- tions doing environmental work. To authors of papers cited in this book, I offer my thanks and appreciation for their contributions. Without their work, this book could not have been written. I must also thank the thoughtful people who dedi- cated valuable time completing reviews of chapters or the entire book. Their efforts have greatly contributed to this work.
I wish to thank Scott Brame, Clemson University; John Bratton, Stonehill College; Eleanor J. Camann, Georgia Southern University; Elizabeth Catlos, Oklahoma State University; Raymond M. Coveney, Jr., University of Missouri; William M.
Harris, University of St. Thomas; Michael Krol, Bridgewater State College; Dan Leavell, Ohio State University—Newark; J. Barry Maynard, University of Cincinnati; Stephen R. Newkirk, University of Memphis; Michael Phillips, Illinois Valley Community College; Hongbing Sun, Rider University; and Cynthia Venn, Bloomsburg University.
Special thanks go to Tanya Atwater, William Wise, and Frank Spera for their assistance in preparing the chapters on plate tectonics, minerals and rocks, and impacts, respectively. I greatly appreciate the review of the new chapter on geology and ecology by Carla D'Antonio, who provided important information and advice on basic principles of ecology and ecological restoration. I am particularly indebted to my editors at Prentice Hall. Special thanks go to Geosciences Publisher Daniel Kaveney, whose enthusiasm, intelligence, encour- agement, ideas, and creativity made this book possible. I greatly appreciate the assistance of Amy Porubsky, marketing manager.
I also appreciate the efforts of Brittney Corrigan-McElroy, production editor, and Jerry Marshall, photo acquisi- tions. Art was rendered by MapQuest and Imagineering. Thanks to Heather Scott, art director, for her work in updating the interior and cover design for this new edi- tion. I appreciate the encouragement and support from my wife, Valery who assisted by pointing out ways to improve the content and presentation. Keller Santa Barbara, California For the people of the Gulf Coast and the City of New Orleans who lost so much. Hopefully, the Federal Emergency Management Administration, the U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers, and local and national elected officials have learned from Hurricane Katrina to better plan for disasters and catastrophes. There will be more, even stronger hurricanes. How we choose to be prepared reflects our values and hopefully elevates our human spirit and compassion. A b o u t t h e A u t h o r E d w a r d A. K e l l e r Ed Keller is a professor, researcher, writer, and, most importantly, mentor and teacher to undergraduate and graduate students. Currently, Dr. Keller's students are working on earthquake hazards, how waves of sediment move through a river system following disturbance, and geologic controls on habi- tat to endangered southern steelhead trout.
Born and raised in California (Bachelor's degrees in Geology and Mathematics from California State University at Fresno, Master's degree in Geology from the University of California at Davis), it was while pursuing his Ph.D. In Geology from Purdue University in 1973 that Ed wrote the first edition of Environmental Geology. The text soon became a foundation of the environmental geology curriculum. Ed joined the faculty of the University of California at Santa Barbara in 1976 and has been there since, serving multiple times as the chair of both the Environmental Studies and Hydrologic Science programs. In that time he has been an author on more than 100 articles, including seminal works on fluvial processes and tectonic geomorphology. Ed's academic honors include the Don J. Easterbrook Distinguished Scientist Award, Geological Society of America (2004), the Quatercentenary Fellowship from Cambridge University, England (2000), two Outstanding Alumnus Awards from Purdue University (1994, 1996), a Distinguished Alumnus Award from California State University at Fresno (1998), and the Outstanding Outreach Award from the Southern California Earthquake Center (1999).
Ed and his wife Valery, who brings clarity to his writing, love walks on the beach at sunset and when the night herons guard moonlight sand at Arroyo Burro Beach in Santa Barbara. Foundations of Environmental Geology The objective of Part 1 is to present the five fundamental principles of environmental geology and the important information necessary to understand the rest of the text. Of particular importance are (1) the funda- mental concepts of environmental science, empha- sizing the geologic environment; (2) the structure of Earth and, from a plate tectonics perspective, how our planet works; (3) geologic information concerning rocks and minerals necessary to un- derstand environmental geology problems and solutions to those problems; and (4) linkages be- tween geologic processes and the living world. Chapter 1 opens with a definition and dis- cussion of environmental geology, followed by a short history of the universe and the origin of Earth.
Of particular importance is the concept of geologic time, which is critical in evaluating the role of geologic processes and human interaction in the environment. Five fundamental concepts are introduced: human population growth, sus- tainability, Earth as a system, hazardous Earth processes, and scientific knowledge and values.
These are revisited throughout the text. Chapter 2 presents a brief discussion of the internal structure of Earth and a rather lengthy treatment of plate tectonics. Over periods of several tens of millions of years, the positions of the continents and the de- velopment of mountain ranges and ocean basins have dramatically changed our global environ- ment. The patterns of ocean currents, global climate, and the distribution of living things on Earth are all, in part, a function of the processes that have constructed and maintained continents and ocean basins over geologic time. Minerals and rocks and how they form in geologic environments are the subjects of Chapter 3. Minerals and rocks provide basic resources that our society depends on for materials to construct our homes, factories, and other structures; to man- ufacture airplanes, trains, cars, buses, and trucks that move people and goods around the globe; and to maintain our industrial economy, including everything from computers to eating utensils. The study of minerals and rocks aids in our general un- derstanding of Earth processes at local, regional, and global levels.
This knowledge is particularly important in understanding hazardous processes, including landslides and volcanic eruptions, in which properties of the rocks are intimately relat- ed to the processes and potential effects on human. 5.